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Lesson One
Rock Superstars : What Do They Tell Us About Ourselves and Our Society ?
1. Rock Superstars 摇滚巨星
rock : rock music , rock ‘ n ’ roll ( or : rock and roll )摇滚音乐
早期摇滚音乐起源于美国民歌( folk )爵士乐( jazz )蓝调歌曲(blues)等待一种音乐,其特点是 有很强的节奏感 ( rhythm )简单的旋律 ( melody )重复的歌词和音符的节奏 ( after beat )
2. Rock is the music of teenage rebellion .摇滚乐是青少年的叛逆音乐
a. teenage adj. pertaining to a teenager ( 13 到 19 岁 ) 青少年。
它的名词形式是teenager: (13到19一岁的少年)。
b. rebellion : resistance to or defiance of any authority 反叛,小人。
喜欢;
a rebellion against old traditions 对旧传统的反抗。
3. By a man ‘ s heroes ye shall know him . 你会从他的英雄中了解一个人。
a.这句话的句型和英语里经常说的一样 judge a man by the company he keeps(判断一个人,要看他所交的朋友)非常相似。
b. ye = you 用于古英语或诗歌,是第二人称代词thou复数的。
喜欢:
Ye are the salt of the earth .你是社会的脊梁。 (从>)
4. ‘’ Midnight Rambler ‘’ :
ramble : walk for pleasure漫游,表达动词,也可以用作名词。
喜欢;
They rambled through the woods.他们在树林里散步。
5. …… he said , ‘’ grabs a half-gallon jug of water and runs along the front platform , sprinkling its contents over the first rows of sweltering listeners …… ‘’
a. grab : to seize suddenly , eagerly , or roughly ; snstch 匆忙,抢占。
喜欢: He jumped up from the table , grabbed his hat and ran out of the door .
他从桌子上跳起来,抓住你的帽子,跑出门。
此外,grab后面可以跟另一个名词或名词短语。
喜欢:
grab a shower快速淋浴,
grab a sandwich,随意吃了一个三明治,
grab a taxi 搭出租车。
有时,也可以是不及物动词。
喜欢:
He grabbed at the opportunity of going abroad . 他成功地抓住了这个出国的机会 b. sprinkle : to scatter drops or particles of water , powder or the like on 溢出液体,撒粉等(在……优越的)。
喜欢:
They sprinkled ashes on the icy sidewalk .他们把骨灰撒在湿滑的人行道上。
We sprinkle the lawn every day .我们每天给草坪浇水。
经过‘’ sprinkling ‘’主导短语是动词 ‘’ - ing ‘’ 作为状语形式。
另一个例子:
They stood there , watching the basketball .他们站在那里,观看篮球比赛。
6. They surge to follow him , eager to be touched by a few baptismal drops .
a. surge : to move or swell forward in or like waves 像暴风雨一样来临。
A crowd surged out of the theater .观众涌出剧院。
b. 带形容词‘’ eager ‘’介绍性不定式短语在语法功能上起着并列从句的作用。
7. Some 14,000 screaming fans were cruching up to the front of the stage at Capital Center , ……
a. some : ( before a number ) approximately , about (数字之前)关于。
喜欢:
some twenty students关于20学生。
b. scream to make a loud , sharp cry 尖叫。
‘’ screaming ‘’是一个动词 scream的 ‘’ - ing ‘’前置修饰语, ‘’ screaming fans ‘’ 方法“尖叫的粉丝”
c. crunch : to proceed with a crushing noise向前紧缩。
喜欢:
The children crunched through the snow .孩子们踩雪。
8. I ought to be crawling on my knees .
a. crawled : to move with the face downward and the boye close to the ground爬行。
喜欢;
The bus crawled along .公共汽车缓慢行驶。
注意:短语 crawl into the favor of one‘s superiors表达“给老板磕头讨好”。
b. on one‘s knees : 下跪。
9. How do you feel about all this adulation and hero worship ?
a. feel about : consider , think of 感觉,感觉。常用于疑问句中,
喜欢:
How do you feel about the suggestion ?你觉得这个建议怎么样?
b. adulation 是的adulate的名词形式。
adulate : flatter or admire excessively太欣赏了,奉承,恭维。
喜欢:
One can hardly understand why young people so adulate film stars.
为什么年轻人如此欣赏电影明星,真令人费解。
10. Or are you drawn somehow to this strange clown , perhaps because he acts out your wildest fantasies ?
a. draw : atteact 吸引。
喜欢:
Some mutual interests draw us together .一些共同的兴趣使我们走到一起。
b. somehow : in some way not specified or known 因为某些原因。
喜欢:
Somehow I don‘t like this novel though it is so popular .
虽然这本小说很受欢迎,但由于某种原因我不喜欢它。
c. fantasy : imagination , esp. when it is let free and not held back(自由奔放)想像,幻想,幻想。
wildest fantasies ,最疯狂的幻想。
11. These aren‘t idle questions .
idle : of no real worth or purpose 无聊的。
喜欢:
idle rumor无聊的谎言。
12. Horwitz sees the rock music arena as a sort of debating forum , a place where ideas clash and crash .
a. see …… as …… : consider …… as ……捆……被)认为是……
b. forum : a meeting place of discussion of matters of public interest论坛。
c. a place 是的a sort of debating forum的并列,其次是 where主导句是定语从句,调整 a place.
‘’ ideas chash and crash ‘’方法“思想的冲突”。
13. ‘’ The redefinition , ‘’ Horowitz says ‘’ is a task uniquely performed by the young……‘’
‘’ uniquely performed by the young ‘’ 是过去分词短语,用于修改前面‘’a task‘’。
14. It is they alone who combine invention and exaggeration , ……
a.it is …… who ( that ) 是一个强调句。
b.alone : ( after a noun or pronoun ) only(在名词或代词之后)仅有的,仅有的。
His name alone was enough to draw a large audience .光是他的名字就足以吸引大批观众。
15. ‘’ Rock music ,‘’ he says ‘’ is really a sociological expression rather than a musical force . ‘’
rather than : instead of 代替(绝对是前者,否认后者。)
例如:
He is a poet rather than a novelist .他与其说是一个小说家,相反,他是一位诗人。
这是另一个短语or rather,方法 more exactly更确切地说“。
喜欢:
late last night , or rather early this morning昨天深夜,更确切地说,今天早上。
16. It‘s just that Elvis managed to embody the frustrated teenage spirit of the 1950s .
a. 在句子中it有 the reason的含义, that = be cause .
b. embody : give a definite form to具体实施例
喜欢:
The statue embodies the sentiment of the sculptor .这尊雕像表达了雕塑家的感情。
The latest model of the lorry embodies many improvements .卡车的最新款式具有许多改进。
17. TV network banned him .
a. network : a group of radio or television stations linked by wire or microwaves (播送,电视)无线电网络 b. ban : prohibit , forbid 禁止。
喜欢:
Students are banned from reading dirty books .禁止学生阅读色情内容。
18. Most of the older viewers frowned , while most of the younger viewers applauded .
a. frown: to wrinkle the forehead , such as when one is displeased or in deep thought皱眉。
喜欢:听我说出错误答案,他皱起眉头。
短语frown on ( upon )表达“不同意”。
喜欢:
He frowned upon my plan .他不同意我的计划。
b. applaud : to clap the hands together in approval or appreciation掌声;表彰。
喜欢:
The audience applauded wildly .观众热烈鼓掌。
c. 连词while在这里表达比较,
另一个例子:
I like books while my brother loves sports .我喜欢书,我哥哥很喜欢运动。
19. The Rolling Stones , arrogant street-fighting men , demanded revolution .
arrogant : acting as if one were more important than others傲慢的;自视甚高。
喜欢;
He was just too arrogant to his subordinates .他对下属太过傲慢。
20. Feelings , always a part of any musical statement , were a major subject .
这里always a part of any musical statement 是的feelings的并列。
21. The Beatles showed there were a range of emotions between love and hate .
range : a number of different things of the same general sort or type (改变,可用的)范围;振幅。
喜欢:
a range of colors to choose from多种颜色可供选择;
a range of prices from 5 yuan to 50 yuan 从5元至50各种价格从元不等。
22. This country element , Horowitz feels , helped its audience express an urge to ‘’ get away from it all , ‘’ ……
urge : an instincitve drive .冲动。
喜欢:
I felt an urge to further my studies in Europe .我有想去欧洲深造的冲动。
23. ……these rock musicians mirror feelings……
mirror : reflect 反映。
喜欢:
The election result reflects their opinions.选举结果反映了他们的观点。
24. …… where it‘s heading ?
head ( for ) : move toward (在某个方向)前进。
喜欢:
They were heading for the deep jungle for hunting .他们去丛林深处打猎。